Research
Data Support Nevirapine for Presumptive Treatment in High Risk Neonates
Recent findings from the IMPAACT P1115 study confirm the safety and therapeutic drug concentrations of a nevirapine-based antiretroviral regimen in the early neonatal period. The study's aim was to establish dosing of nevirapine for very early treatment of HIV-exposed neonates at high risk of…
Updated AAP Guidance for Infants Exposed to HIV
Updated in October 2020, this clinical report from the American Academcy of Pediatrics provides guidance on the evaluation and management of infants born to women living with HIV.
Citation: Chadwick EG. AAP Committee on Pediatric AIDS. Evaluation and management of the infant exposed to…
COVID-19 Among People Living with HIV
This issue of AIDS includes a special section on the intersection of COVID-19 and people living with HIV.
AIDS October 1, 2020 - Volume 34 - Issue 12
HIV PrEP for Conception Among Serodiscordant Couples
This article describes a prospective cohort study to assess the feasibility, perceptions, and adherence associated with periconceptional PrEP use among females without HIV and their male partners living with HIV across four academic medical centers in the United States.
Citation: Leech AA,…
Attitudes Towards Male Partner HIV Testing
This study, by members of the Illinois Perinatal HIV Hotline medical leadership team, explores the attitudes of pregnant women and their partners toward partner HIV testing.
Citation: Yee LM, Leziak K, Jackson J, Miller ES. Attitudes towards male partner HIV testing among…
Safety of In-Utero ARV Exposure
A recent study of neurological outcomes in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected found some increased risk of neurologic abnormalities. These risks were associated with exposure to efavirenz and didanosine. Dolutegravir expsoure showed some suggestive associations that the authors suggest…
Epidemiology of Perinatal HIV Transmission in the U.S.
This article examines the most recent epidemiology of perinatal HIV transmission in the United States in the era of elimination. It looks at the perinatal HIV prevention cascade, annual births to women with HIV, the population of women living with HIV, and their geographical distribution…
Reproductive Years of Women with Perinatally Acquired HIV
This article, written by members of the IL Perinatal HIV Hotline team, reviews existing evidence regarding the gynecologic and obstetric issues unique to reproductive age women with perinatally acquired HIV.
Citation:
Berhie S, Yee L, Jao J. The reproductive years of women with…
Eliminating Perinatal HIV in the United States
In this article, the authors describe progress thus far toward the goal of perinatal HIV elimination in the United States. They describe different approaches to perinatal HIV preventive services in the District of Columbia and five states, including Illinois. They conclude by sharing strategies…
Trends in Neonatal Prophylaxis in US Infants
In this article, the authors describe the use of neonatal prophylaxis over time. They observed overall low rates of combination prophylaxis, including for those infants at higher risk, demonstrating inconsistency with current guidelines in the United States.
Citation:
Williams PL, Huo Y,…
Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Care in Pregnancy
In this article, the authors describe the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and ARV adherence and viral suppression in pregnancy. They conclude that IPV during a pregnancy is associated with decreased ARV adherence and delays in achieving virologic suppression.…
Stigma and the Elimination of Perinatal HIV in the U.S.
In this article, the authors describe the relationship between stigma toward pregnant women with HIV and efforts to eradicate perinatal HIV transmission. They conclude that stigma plays a significant role in the inability of the U.S. to eliminate MTCT of HIV.
Citation:
Arora KS,…
Perinatal HIV Service Coordination
In this article, the authors describe a comprehensive concept of perinatal HIV service coordination. The authors identify six core functions to close the gap in the HIV care continuum for pregnant women and prevent perinatal transmission of HIV in the United States.
Citation: Andrews MM…
Risk of Acquiring HIV Increases During and After Pregnancy
New research suggests a woman’s risk of acquiring HIV through sex with a male partner living with HIV increases during pregnancy and is highest during the postpartum period. Click here to read more about this research presented at the 2018 CROI Conference.
Sustainability of Perinatal Rapid HIV Testing in Illinois
In this article, the authors utilized a retrospective cohort study of women delivered in Illinois hospitals (2012-2015) to assess the sustainability of Illinois' statewide program of HIV rapid testing for pregnant women presenting for delivery with unknown HIV status. They found that…
Missed Perinatal HV Prevention Opportunities in FL
The authors analyzed data pertaining to children born between 2007 and 2014 and perinatally exposed to HIV. Among other findings, perinatal transmission was most strongly associated with maternal HIV diagnosis during labor and delivery or after birth.
Citation:
Trepka MJ,…
Assessing the Impact of Perinatal HIV Case Management
The authors evaluated the impact of perinatal HIV case management on outcomes along the HIV care continuum for pregnant and postpartum women in Philadelphia. They found significant benefits for both viral suppression and retention in care.
Citation: Anderson EA, Momplaisir FM, Corson C, Brady…
Missed Opportunities for Prevention of MTCT
The authors present a case series highlighting factors contributing to missed opportunities for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Despite access to high-level care and follow-up, a small proportion of HIV-infected women transmitted the virus to their infants.
Citation: Scott…
Using a Public Health Approach to Eradicate Perinatal HIV
In this editorial, the authors propose using systems of care and a public health approach to achieve zero cases of perinatal HIV transmission.
Citation:
Esber A, Cohen S, Dempsey A, Cheever LW. Using systems of care and a public health approach to achieve zero perinatal HIV transmissions…
Estimated Perinatal HIV Infections Among Infants in the U.S.
A new publication from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides new estimates of the number of perinatal HIV cases among infants born in the United States. The estimated annual number of infections decreased from 216 in 2002 to 69 in 2013.
Citation:
Taylor AW, Nesheim…
A Reactive HIV Rapid Antibody Test in a Pregnant Woman
The article describes the case of a pregnant woman with a positive rapid antibody result and the subsequent tests performed to determine her HIV status. It provides an overview of confirmatory HIV testing and interpretation of fourth generation algorithm testing results.
Citation:…
Missed Opportunities for Repeat HIV Testing in Pregnancy
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study at a hospital in Baltimore, Maryland to determine if women received a second HIV test and to compare HIV retesting with mandated syphilis retesting. They share their findings and recommendations for improving the uptake of repeat HIV testing…
Improving Perinatal HIV Exposure Surveillance and Reporting
The authors describe the current status of perinatal HIV exposure surveillance and reporting in the United States. They offer recommendations for improvement to sustain progress made in lowering perinatal HIV transmission rates.
Citation:
Brady KA, Storm DS, Naghdi A, Frederick T, Fridge…
Perinatal ART Exposure and Prevented Perinatal Infections in the United States
Using published estimates for the United States, the authors calculated the number of perinatally exposed and infected infants born during 1978-2010, the number of perinatal HIV cases prevented, and the number of infants exposed to antiretroviral drugs during the prenatal and intrapartum…
HIV Stigma and Adherence to Medications
Researchers from the WIHS (Women's Interagency HIV Study) analyzed reports of internalized stigma around HIV and adherence to HIV medications. For those women who reported suboptimal medication adherence, internalized stigma resulted in a perception of less social support, and more depressive…